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Oral vitamin C produces tissue and plasma concentrations that the body tightly controls. Approximately 70%–90% of vitamin C is absorbed at moderate intakes of 30–180 mg/day. However, at doses above 1 g/day, absorption falls to less than 50% and absorbed, unmetabolized ascorbic acid is excreted in the urine [ 4 ].
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Clinical uses: Humans with defects in the TTPA gene (encoding α-TTP) have extraordinarily low (1/100 of normal) plasma vitamin E concentrations, but if they are given vitamin E supplements, plasma concentrations normalize within hours; if supplementation is halted, plasma vitamin E concentrations decrease within days to deficient levels. A …
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Tocopherols occur widely in plants, but the form of tocopherol often differs in the leaves and seeds of the same species. α-Tocopherol is typically the primary form of tocopherols in leaves of plants and in photosynthetic prokaryotes such as Synechocystis.Seeds of different plant species, however, can be enriched in any of the …
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Vitamin E required amounts. The determination of how much of a nutrient is required daily is dependent on specifically assessing not only its function but also defining a biomarker that is indicative of inadequacy that changes with nutrient intakes ().For vitamin E, results from the in vitro hydrogen peroxide–induced erythrocyte hemolysis test were …
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The maximum tocopherol content of (SYN-RNAi+Ole : HPT)/35S:TyrA-9 seeds was or ~1,600 µg/g seed wt or 2.7 times those of the wild type seed …
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The present study has shown that application of vitamin E seed coating tend to enhance positive traits in stored seeds (including concentrations of , SOD, …
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levels in the range of 7.5 to 8.24 mg/kg in growing ... in seeds and nuts with and without coupled hydrolysis ... vitamin E concentrations, immune capacity, and antioxidant capacity of plasma and ...
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CYP4F-dependent vitamin E catabolism is a critical determinant of vitamin E concentrations in various tissues, because ketoconazole, a CYP inhibitor, clearly inhibited urinary CEHC excretion levels and increased vitamin E concentrations in rats (14). Sesamin also inhibited tocopherol ω-hydroxylation in human and rat liver microsomes (12).
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Abstract. Vitamin E includes lipophilic derivatives of chromanol having one, two, or three methyl substituents on the phenolic ring. Vitamin E molecules, mainly α- and γ-tocopherols, are the most important antioxidants in nature. Their antioxidant effect is optimum at a certain range of concentrations, above which the vitamin exhibits a loss ...
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γ-Tocopherol is the major form of vitamin E in many plant seeds and in the US diet, but has drawn little attention compared with α-tocopherol, the predominant form of vitamin E in tissues and the primary form in supplements. However, recent studies indicate that γ-tocopherol may be important to human health and that it possesses unique ...
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Plastochromanol-8 has been found in the leaves of several species belonging to unrelated families, including mosses and lichens (Kruk et al., 2014). Seeds and seed oils are a good natural source of plastochromanol-8. In most cases, the contents of plastochromanol-8 in seeds and seed oils are similar or lower than that in leaves.
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Tocotrienols, primarily in the δ- and γ-forms, accounted for ∼85% of the total vitamin E in these seeds (Table 1, Fig. 3). In addition, total tocopherols were increased by ∼two-fold and δ-tocopherols were increased by > 40-fold compared to concentrations in wild-type seeds. (Table 1). Normal phase separation showed of the total <1% were ...
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Linearity was evaluated by studying six-level calibration curves plotted for retinol and α-tocopherol standards over a concentration range of 1.00–200 μg/mL (vitamin A) and 1.06 to 532 μg/mL (vitamin E), and the following regression equations were obtained: y = 0.5786x + 0.6625 and y = 0.0631x − 0.1524 for vitamins A and E, …
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Tocopherols (vitamin E) are lipophilic antioxidants synthesized by all plants and some algae and cyanobacteria. The four types of tocopherols synthesized (α, β, γ, and δ) differ only in the number and positions of methyl substituents on the chromanol ring. All tocopherols are amphipathic molecules, … See more
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These concentrations correspond to 7- to 10- fold increase in total vitamin E content of seeds compared to those of the SDA-1 parent and non-transformed lines. In …
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PUFA, categorised into n-3 and n-6 fatty acids, are important cell membrane components and key elements in child development, brain and visual functioning and physical health and well-being throughout the life course.Dietary sources that are rich in PUFA include many vegetable oils, nuts, seeds and certain types of fish. As PUFA …
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The importance of Vitamin E in health and reproduction. The term vitamin E refers to the two groups of compounds; the tocopherols and the tocotrienols, which have antioxidant activity in cellular membranes.20 The most biologically active form is a-tocopherol4 and is the standard used when describing a birds' requirement.14 Plants are the ...
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October 9, 2017 By Kentucky Equine Research Staff. Horses depend on their diets for vitamin A and E. Because horses cannot synthesize these vitamins "in-house," they must consume them from forages or concentrates. For horses that have access to plentiful amounts of fresh green forage, additional vitamin supplementation is often unnecessary.
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The concentration of vitamin A ranges from 1000–6000 IU, and the consumption of one fresh fruit (250–300 g) provide 10–12% the recommended daily amount (RDA) of retinol. Mango consumption is thus one of the best ways to prevent vitamin A deficiency [41,42]. Compared to vitamin A, vitamin E and K concentrations are lower …
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Vitamin E (as α‐tocopherol) was measured in serum by the Cornell University Animal Health and Diagnostic Center (Cornell University, Ithaca, New York). 27 Briefly, Vitamin E concentrations were determined using high‐pressure liquid chromatography and fluorescence spectrometer (HPLC‐FLD). The analysis was …
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For this purpose seed priming of vitamin E was performed with a concentration of 300mgL⁻¹ applied on to seeds. A total of seven promising cultivars were …
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Soybean seeds are rich sources of vitamin E tochromanols with typical concentrations of 250–350 μg/g seed weight (Almonor et al., 1998; Van Eenennaam et al., 2003). Vitamin E tocochromanols occur almost exclusively as tocopherols in soybean seeds, and ~60% is in the γ-tocopherol form, with the remainder of the tocopherol in the …
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Effect of hemp seed oil supplementation on plasma lipid profile, liver function, milk fatty acid, cholesterol, and vitamin A concentrations in Carpathian goats July 2015 Czech Journal of Animal ...
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These findings align with the existing literature on olive oils, where vitamin E concentrations typically range from 80 to 500 mg/kg [17], and βtocopherol concentrations typically vary from 1 to ...
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Therefore dietary sesamin increase tissue levels of vitamin K and vitamin E in healthy male rats. These effects are interesting because they provide a mechanisms by which the known health benefits of sesamin might be explained in humans. In human studies consumption of 50 grams of sesame seeds per day for 5 weeks increased tissue …
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Vitamin E (VE) in soybean seed has value for foods, medicines, cosmetics, and animal husbandry. Selection for higher VE contents in seeds along with agronomic traits was an important goal for many soybean breeders. In order to map the loci controlling the VE content, F5-derived F6 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were advanced through …
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Vitamin E was discovered in 1922 as an element essential for normal reproductive function in rats. 1 Over the next 50 years, evidence emerged that vitamin E was also important for normal immune, neurologic, and muscular system function. This review includes comparative information on the function, absorption, metabolism, and …
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Sunflower seeds, dry roasted, 1 ounce: 7.4: 37: Almonds, dry roasted, 1 ounce: 6.8: 34: Sunflower oil, 1 tablespoon: 5.6: 28: Safflower oil, 1 tablespoon ... Duthie GG. Erythrocyte vitamin E and plasma ascorbate concentrations in relation to erythrocyte peroxidation in smokers and non-smokers: Dose response to vitamin E …
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Abstract. Tocopherols (vitamin E) are lipophilic antioxidants synthesized by all plants and are particularly abundant in seeds. Despite cloning of the complete suite of tocopherol biosynthetic enzymes and successful engineering of the tocopherol content and composition of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves and seeds, the functions of tocopherols in …
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HGGT expression alone increased tocochromanol concentrations in seeds by ∼four-fold to ≤1400 μg/g seed weight. When combined with HPPD/TyrA co-expression, we …
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Although the specific nutritional requirements and normal values for selenium and vitamin E have not been reported in mules, 1 study of a small, varied population of donkeys identified similar plasma vitamin E concentrations and substantially lower plasma selenium concentrations compared to horses. 39 It is unclear, however, if whole blood ...
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Seed tocopherol concentrations ranging from 1.9 to 2.4 those that of wild type seeds Tocotrienols accounted for 10% to 30% of the total seed tocochromanol (Supplementary Table 6). Overexpression of the HPPD gene in the (SYN-RNAi+Ole : HPT)/Col-0-1×35S:TyrA background further increased the total content of tocochromanols, but the …
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One-way analysis of variance showed significant differences in selenium concentrations (P = .001) between group A and group E. In this study, we found the selenium range for donkeys to be 0.02-0.14 μg/mL, which is lower than the recommended range for horses. The results suggest that donkeys may have a lower selenium requirement than horses.
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As indicated, vitamin E concentrations are influenced by harvest conditions because they influence vegetation periods and then the degree of maturation of the seeds used to extract oil . Closer inspection of Table 3 indicates that the α and β homologues are more present than γ-tocopherols.
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Seeds from three different avhppd-03-expressing soybean events were quantitatively assessed for content of eight vitamin E isoforms. Although increased …
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The aim of this study was to examine whether dietary sesame seed also increased vitamin K concentrations, because its metabolic pathway is similar to that of vitamin E. To test the effect of sesame lignan on vitamin K concentrations, male Wistar rats were fed a control diet or a diet with 0.2% sesamin (a sesame lignan) for 7 d in experiment 1.
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